What are the primary components of a vehicle's suspension system?

The primary components of a vehicle's suspension system include control arms, springs, shock absorbers, struts, and sway bars. These elements work together to support the vehicle's weight, maintain tire contact with the road, absorb road shocks, and provide stability while driving.

Control arms connect the vehicle's chassis to the suspension system, allowing for a range of motion while helping to anchor the wheel assembly. Springs, which can be coil, leaf, or air types, bear the weight of the vehicle and absorb road impacts. Shock absorbers control the movement of the springs by dampening the oscillations, ensuring a smoother ride. Struts are structural components that serve as shock absorbers and also support the vehicle’s weight. Sway bars, also known as anti-roll bars, reduce body roll during cornering, enhancing vehicle stability.

The other options do not relate to the suspension system. For instance, brakes and tires are crucial for a vehicle's operation but are not part of the suspension itself. Similarly, components like the engine and transmission are essential for vehicle propulsion, while systems such as the electrical system and body frame serve different vehicle functions. Understanding these components helps in diagnosing suspension-related issues and in maintaining vehicle performance.